中国河流及湾区河口中微塑料的赋存输运特性

来源：中国环境科学杂志2024年第11期北京时间：

作者：谌霞, 李德鸿, 蔡焕杰, 李小龙, 曹力玮, 高玮峥

单位：1. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨陵 712100;2. 西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 杨陵 712100

摘要：This study analyzed the “sources” and “sinks” of microplastics in rivers and estuaries, compared current microplastic pollution levels in these environments, and revealed the spatial and temporal distribution of microplastics. Moreover, it summarized the main factors affecting the transport of microplastics and examined the influence of hydrodynamic characteristics on this transport. The findings indicated that the dominant shape of microplastics in rivers and estuaries is primarily fibrous, with sizes mostly less than 1mm. Due to geographical location and seasonal differences, the flow patterns and pollution sources in different study areas vary, leading to distinct distribution characteristics of microplastics. The primary factors influencing microplastic transport in rivers were flow velocity and direction, which affected the settling and suspension behaviors of microplastics. In estuaries, wind and tides played a decisive role in the transport of microplastics. Future research should consider the transport and distribution of microplastics under the coupling effects of hydrodynamic characteristics and multiple influencing factors.

关键词：微塑料,河流,湾区,时空分布,输运机制,水动力特性

基金资助：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52109101);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2023T160532)