针对三维彩色点云模型水印算法的研究

来源：计算机技术与发展杂志2023年第05期北京时间：

作者：张国有;刘佳华;米佳

单位：太原科技大学 计算机科学与技术学院,山西 太原 030024 Author(s): ZHANG Guo-you;LIU Jia-hua;MI Jia School of Computer Science and Technology,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China 关键词: 三维彩色点云模型;版权保护;数字水印;冗余离散小波变换;奇异值分解;鲁棒性 Keywords: 3D color point cloud model;copyright protection;digital watermark;redundant discrete wavelet transform;singular value decomposition;robustness 分类号: TP309. 2 DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1673-629X. 2023. 05. 010 摘要: 为实现三维彩色点云模型的版权保护,有效提高数字水印算法的鲁棒性,提出了一种基于冗余离散小波变换和奇异值分解的三维彩色点云模型的数字水印算法。 首先,该算法对三维彩色点云模型进行三维仿射不变性处理;其次,利用坐标投影算法将处理后的三维彩色点云模型转化为二维彩色图像;接着,将二维彩色图像应用冗余离散小波变换得到的低频部分 LL 子带作为水印的嵌入区域,并且对 LL 子带进行奇异值分解,此外应用 Arnold 变换将二值水印图像变为加密后的水印图像;最后,通过修改奇异值分解得到的矩阵 U 中的相关系数来实现加密水印图像的嵌入。 水印提取是根据矩阵 U 中的相关系数的大小关系来实现。 实验结果表明,该算法对平移、旋转、均匀缩放、噪声、剪切、简化等攻击具有鲁棒性,不仅有效提高了数字水印算法的鲁棒性,而且也达到了保护三维彩色点云模型版权的目的。 Abstract: In order to achieve copyright protection of 3D color point cloud models and effectively improve the robustness of digital watermarking algorithms,a digital watermarking algorithm for 3D?color point cloud models based on redundant discrete wavelet transform andsingular value decomposition is proposed. Firstly, the algorithm performs 3D affine invariant processing on?the 3D color point cloudmodel. Secondly,the processed 3D color point cloud model is transformed into a 2D color image using a coordinate projection algorithm.Next,the LL sub-band,the low frequency portion obtained by applying the redundant discrete wavelet transform to the two-dimensionalcolor image,is used as the embedding region of the watermark,and the singular value decomposition is performed on the LL sub-band,inaddition to applying the Arnold transform to transform the binary watermark image into an encrypted watermark image. Finally,the embedding of the encrypted watermarked image is achieved by modifying the correlation coefficients in the matrix U obtained from thesingular value decomposition.?The watermark extraction is based on the relationship between the magnitude of the correlation coefficientsin the matrix U . Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is?robust to attacks such as translation,rotation,uniform scaling,noise,clipping and simplification,which not only effectively improves the robustness of the digital water marking algorithm,?but alsoachieves the purpose of protecting the copyright of 3D color point cloud models.

摘要：为实现三维彩色点云模型的版权保护,有效提高数字水印算法的鲁棒性,提出了一种基于冗余离散小波变换和奇异值分解的三维彩色点云模型的数字水印算法。 首先,该算法对三维彩色点云模型进行三维仿射不变性处理;其次,利用坐标投影算法将处理后的三维彩色点云模型转化为二维彩色图像;接着,将二维彩色图像应用冗余离散小波变换得到的低频部分 LL 子带作为水印的嵌入区域,并且对 LL 子带进行奇异值分解,此外应用 Arnold 变换将二值水印图像变为加密后的水印图像;最后,通过修改奇异值分解得到的矩阵 U 中的相关系数来实现加密水印图像的嵌入。 水印提取是根据矩阵 U 中的相关系数的大小关系来实现。 实验结果表明,该算法对平移、旋转、均匀缩放、噪声、剪切、简化等攻击具有鲁棒性,不仅有效提高了数字水印算法的鲁棒性,而且也达到了保护三维彩色点云模型版权的目的。

关键词：三维彩色点云模型;版权保护;数字水印;冗余离散小波变换;奇异值分解;鲁棒性