基于VGOS与同步S/X VLBI解算地球自转参数的精度评估

来源：大地测量与地球动力学杂志2025年第9期北京时间：

作者：马慧斌, 秦文振, 江丹, 耿昌亮, 彭鑫

单位：1 61363部队，西安市，710054],figList:[{captionCn:VGOS测站与传统S/X VLBI测站的分布,magId:08bc35ce-5923-4540-93bd-9036102d2c36,labelCn:图1,pptUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-1.jpg.ppt,labelEn:Fig. 1,figUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-1.jpg,titleEn:Fig. 1 Distribution of VGOS stations and traditional S/X VLBI stations,titleCn:图1 VGOS测站与传统S/X VLBI测站的分布,id:Fig1,captionEn:Distribution of VGOS stations and traditional S/X VLBI stations,thumbnailUrl:20250903/thumbnail/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-1.jpg},{captionCn:2019—2023年期间传统S/X VLBI和同步VGOS测段的观测数据量和拟合残差,magId:2d453229-620e-4842-9cfb-bc6981de99fd,labelCn:图2,pptUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-2.jpg.ppt,labelEn:Fig. 2,figUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-2.jpg,titleEn:Fig. 2 Observation data volume and fitting residuals of traditional S/X VLBI and synchronous VGOS sessions from 2019 to 2023,titleCn:图2 2019—2023年期间传统S/X VLBI和同步VGOS测段的观测数据量和拟合残差,id:Fig2,captionEn:Observation data volume and fitting residuals of traditional S/X VLBI and synchronous VGOS sessions from 2019 to 2023,thumbnailUrl:20250903/thumbnail/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-2.jpg},{captionCn:2019—2023年VGOS、S/X VLBI ERP解算值与IERS C04差值的比较,magId:e97bf083-2006-47f8-8cea-c29540df07af,labelCn:图3,pptUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-3.jpg.ppt,labelEn:Fig. 3,figUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-3.jpg,titleEn:Fig. 3 Comparison of the differences between VGOS, S/X VLBI ERP solutions and IERS C04 values from 2019 to 2023,titleCn:图3 2019—2023年VGOS、S/X VLBI ERP解算值与IERS C04差值的比较,id:Fig3,captionEn:Comparison of the differences between VGOS, S/X VLBI ERP solutions and IERS C04 values from 2019 to 2023,thumbnailUrl:20250903/thumbnail/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-3.jpg},{captionCn:VGOS、S/X VLBI解算ERP结果与IERS数据比较的平均误差、加权均方根统计,magId:1fa06a97-c6fd-4a07-9286-b0bcf106d6e6,labelCn:图4,pptUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-4.jpg.ppt,labelEn:Fig. 4,figUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-4.jpg,titleEn:Fig. 4 Average error and weighted root mean square statistics of the comparison between VGOS, S/X VLBI ERP solutions and IERS data,titleCn:图4 VGOS、S/X VLBI解算ERP结果与IERS数据比较的平均误差、加权均方根统计,id:Fig4,captionEn:Average error and weighted root mean square statistics of the comparison between VGOS, S/X VLBI ERP solutions and IERS data,thumbnailUrl:20250903/thumbnail/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-4.jpg},{captionCn:VGOS(Hb)、S/X VLBI解算的ERP结果与IERS数据比较的平均误差、加权均方根统计,magId:2f7972d9-b2ce-4781-b9e3-afee569444a7,labelCn:图5,pptUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-5.jpg.ppt,labelEn:Fig. 5,figUrl:20250903/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-5.jpg,titleEn:Fig. 5 Average error and weighted root mean square statistics of the comparison between ERP results derived from VGOS(Hb) and S/X VLBI solutions with IERS data,titleCn:图5 VGOS(Hb)、S/X VLBI解算的ERP结果与IERS数据比较的平均误差、加权均方根统计,id:Fig5,captionEn:Average error and weighted root mean square statistics of the comparison between ERP results derived from VGOS(Hb) and S/X VLBI solutions with IERS data,thumbnailUrl:20250903/thumbnail/ddclydqdlx-45-9-894-5.jpg}

摘要：为评估当前VLBI全球观测系统(VGOS)观测数据解算地球自转参数(ERP)的精度，基于2019—2023年VGOS观测数据进行解算，同时选取与VGOS观测数据同时段传统S频段、X频段的VLBI观测数据参与解算，以IERS提供的EOP 14 C04序列作为参考值进行精度评定。结果表明，在选取的实验数据时段，VGOS观测数据的时延拟合后残差加权均方根(WRMS)的平均值为16.77 ps，显著优于同时段传统S/X VLBI测量数据的30.97 ps。在ERP解算方面，VGOS和传统S/X VLBI的全球网络站观测数据的解算结果存在差异，其中，VGOS解算ERP极移分量的精度不如传统S/X VLBI，UT1-UTC精度与传统S/X VLBI测量相当。进一步选取以并址站为核心的实验站进行分析表明，VGOS测量能够提供更高精度的ERP解算结果。

关键词：甚长基线干涉测量,VLBI全球观测系统,地球自转参数,时延拟合后残差